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  A   computer   is a   machine   that can be   programmed   to automatically   carry out   sequences of   arithmetic   or   logical operations   ( computation ). Modern   digital electronic   computers can perform generic sets of operations known as   programs . These programs enable computers to perform a wide range of tasks. The term   computer system   may refer to a nominally complete computer that includes the   hardware ,   operating system ,   software , and   peripheral   equipment needed and used for full operation; or to a group of computers that are linked and function together, such as a   computer network   or   computer cluster . A broad range of  industrial  and  consumer products  use computers as  control systems , including simple special-purpose devices like  microwave ovens  and  remote controls , a...

Dynamic programming is a computer programming technique where an algorithmic problem is first broken down into sub-problems, the results are saved, and then the sub-problems are optimized to find the overall solution — which usually has to do with finding the maximum and minimum range of the algorithmic query.  Richard Bellman was the one who came up with the idea for dynamic programming in the 1950s. It is a method of mathematical optimization as well as a methodology for computer programming. It applies to issues one can break down into either overlapping subproblems or optimum substructures. When a more extensive set of equations is broken down into smaller groups of equations, overlapping subproblems are referred to as equations that reuse portions of the smaller equations several times to arrive at a solution. On the other hand, optimum substructures locate the best solution to an issue, then build the solution that provides the best results overall. This is how they solve pro...